Weigh plants -

Grind plants -

Pulverize SWF soil -

Pack CN -

Weigh plants -

Grind plants -

Pulverize SWF soil -

Weigh roots, pack CN -

Final forest leaf litter collection, put away screens, bungees and clips, flip traps over -

Weigh plants - Brian

Grind plants, pulverize SWF 2024 deep core soil - Slater, Olivia

Weigh 2024 Switchgrass Nitrogen Rate Experiment deep core roots - Jon

Weigh plants - Brian, Slater

Grind plants - Jon, Olivia

BAF subsampling - Olivia

Weigh 2023 Switchgrass Biodiversity Experiment deep core roots - Brian, Jon

Pack CN - Slater

LTAR 30 gas sampling - Slater, Sarah, Jon

Pack CN - Stacey, Olivia, Brian

Weigh plants - Brian, Olivia

Grind plants - Slater

BAF subsampling (BCSE harvest 2021) - Sarah

Weigh 2023 Switchgrass Biodiversity Experiment deep core roots - Jon

Pack CN - Stacey, Slater

Weigh plants - Jon

Grind plants - Olivia

LTAR gas vial, tote prep - Slater

BAF subsampling (BCSE harvest 2020) - Brian

Check LTAR gas chambers - Slater

BCSE 23 gas sampling - Olivia, Jon

Pack CN - Brian, Olivia

Weigh plants - Olivia, Brian

Grind plants - Sarah, Slater

BAF subsampling (BCSE harvest 2019) - Slater, Jon

BCSE gas vial, tote prep - Jon

Dishes -

Check BCSE gas chambers - Jon

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20251210. All 2025 LTAR Lysimeter samples run.

Pack CN - Slater, Brian

Weigh plants - Brian, Olivia

Grind plants - Slater

Lab clean-up, dump soil buckets, weigh dry tins - Sarah

LTAR gas data entry - Jon, Olivia

Archive LTAR air-dried soil -

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Finished dilutions from Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20251124.

Reconditioned Cadmium Column

Acid washed dishes.

Collect LTAR leachate - Brian, Jon

Measure poplar trees - Slater, Sarah, Jon, Brian

Filter LTAR leachate; collection included many more samples than 11/24-25, so those archive samples were discarded and this collection was archived in it’s place. Also, subsamples from ASP3 and BAU2 leachate were delivered to Younsuk Dong and Subhasis Giri on campus by Dave Weed for phosphorus analysis at Brook’s request. - Slater, Sarah

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters, boxes needed to be dug out from under the snow - Slater, Brian, Jon, Sarah

Measure poplar trees - Jon, Brian

Filter LTAR soil extracts - Slater, Sarah

Prepared standards, Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20251124.

Finish sieving LTAR soil - Jon, Alyssa

Weigh LTAR soil for extraction and moisture - Jon, Alyssa, Brian, Sarah

LTER 16 gas sampling, first winter - Brian, Slater, Sarah, Alyssa, Jon

LTER gas vial/tote prep, weigh dry soil tins, dishes - Slater, Brian, Jon, Sarah

Start sieving LTAR soil - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Jon, Sarah

Removed snow from solar panels at Lux Arbor and adjusted panels vertical for the winter. I moved T7R2 to use the RF407 network, and disconnected the CS65X power and ground from T7R4, to let the battery recover I think there is a short in T7R4 since it draws down the battery too quickly.

Checked the battery at T7R5 and it was at 14V (in the sun) I did not see any obvious issues with the wiring. The ground and power from the solar panel were pretty close but I don’t think they were touching. I’ll keep checking to see if this resolves the negative battery V readings.

LTAR soil sampling; approximated station flag locations in these plots since flags hadn’t been installed: ASP1-3, ASP2-3, ASP2-4, ASP5-4, ASP3-4, BAU1-4, BAU2-3, BAU2-4 - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Jon, Sarah

Dishes, LTAR gas data - Slater, Brian, Olivia, Jon

Filter BCSE subplot soil extracts - Alyssa, Brian, Olivia

T7R5 datalogger is reporting negative voltage. There were calibration errors reported in the station status. I recompiled and restarted the program, to see if it was a temporary glitch due to low battery or something else.

Collect leaf litter from CF, DF, SF; collect last leaf litter from T5 then pulled/put away traps - Slater, Jon, Brian, Olivia

Finished Dilutions from Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20251112.

Weigh BCSE subplot soil for extraction and moisture, plus subsample G1-3 main and subplot to send to A&L - Slater, Jon

LTAR gas data - Brian, Jon

Dishes - Brian, Slater

Prepared 1M KCL. Finished dilutions from Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20251021.

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20251112. Notes from run:

-Vial BAU1 R4 C most likely mislabeled as BAU2 R4 C (vial shouldn’t exist)

-Vial BAU2 R2 S most likely mislabeled as BAU2 R1 S (vial shouldn’t exist)

Sieve BCSE subplot soil -

Filter BCSE main soil extracts, dishes -

BCSE subplot soil sampling; G1-3 nine cores/subplot, G4-10 six cores/subplot. This includes G1 non-stover removal area; G2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 unfertilized area; G8 historically unfertilized area (south end, between 1st and 2nd rows); and G10 fertilized area. - Alyssa, Slater, Olivia, Brian, Sarah Jon

GC sequence LTAR20251126S29BGC had two issues with vial order submitted in trays. Vials 100 and 101 were switched in trays, and vials 135 and 136 were switched in trays. All GC vials were run sequentially on instrument.

Adjusted REX and BCSE Solar panels to winter position.

Lachat runs LTAR Lysimeter 20251001, 20251021. Notes from runs:

-20251001 - Vial BAU2 R1 S was missing from box, not run. Unusually high NH4 results for bottle ASP1 R3 N, contaminated?

-20251021 - Vial ASP3 R4 S was missing from box, not run. Vial BAU2 R4 N potentially mislabeled as BAU2 R4 C, or volume may have been listed incorrectly on data sheet. Bottle C is listed as having pressure, but no liquid recorded, where N had no pressure. Ran as vial BAU2 R4 N. No blanks were included, used fresh RO water.

Install G1 gas frames - Brian

Heavy snow storm over the weekend caused the following errors on both IRGASON instruments: The irgason diagnostic code on both towers is “847873”  CO2 and H2O signals too low and exceeding the limits set.  Bits 0, 12, 13, 14, 15,, 18, 19 are all set. The low reading were due to snow/ice on the CO2 sensor and the sonic. Delicately blew off and removed the snow. Also removed the lower wickings on the sonic anemometers. Need new wicking materials.

Finish sieving BCSE main soil - Jon, Brian

Weigh BCSE main soil for extraction and moisture - Jon, Brian, Slater

Filter MLE MC soil extracts - Jon, Slater, Brian

Prepared 1M KCL, standards.

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Prepared Ammonium Chloride Reagent (4L): 320 gms Ammonium Chloride 4.0 gms EDTA pH to 8.45 with NaOH, store

Weigh MLE MC soil (sampled 11/25/2025) for extraction and moisture - Brian, Jon

Sieve BCSE main soil - Alyssa, Sarah, Olivia, Slater, Jon, Brian

Prepared fresh Phosphate Buffer (1L) 28 gms Sodium Hydroxide pellets 50 gms sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dilute to 1 L with nanopure.

Prepared EDTA Reagent (1L) 66 gms ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA) Approximately 7.0 gms sodium hydroxide pellets ph to 7.03 with NaOH pellets then dilute to volume with nanopure.

Prepared 1M KCL.

BCSE main soil sampling; G1-3 three cores per station to ensure enough soil to send to A&L, G4-10 two cores per station. - Alyssa, Sarah, Olivia, Slater, Jon, Brian

Sequence BCSE20251120S22BGC had a couple vial submission issues.
Duplicate 1 was swapped with Sample 1 in field tray. Vials 5 and 6 were swapped (out of order) in tray. Samples run in this order: Duplicate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,… …., 79, 80, Air1, Air2, Air3, Air4, 1, Dup2, Dup3, Dup4.

Sieve MLE MC Lake City soil, sampled 11/25/2025; dishes, weigh dry soil tins - Brian, Jon, Slater, Sarah

Sample BCSE soil respiration jars - Sarah

LTAR Series 29 gas sampling - Slater, Jon, Brian

LTAR Hydrosense - Alyssa

Lachat runs LTAR Lysimeter 20250728, 20250821, and 20250915.

LTAR gas chamber prep - Slater

Collect LTAR leachate - Brian, Jon

Sample MLE MC Lake City soil - Todd, Chris

LTAR gas vial, tote prep -

Filter MLE WC Hancock soil extracts, dishes -

Measure, and filter LTAR leachate, dishes -

Acid wished dishes. Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250714: BAU1 R4 C bottle was spilled, no samples were filtered/run.

Weigh MLE WC Hancock soil for extraction and moisture - Brian, Sarah

Dishes - Brian, Sarah

Sample BCSE soil respiration jars - Sarah

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters, pull T8 flags and frames for mowing, straighten BCSE flags, install LTAR flags - Slater, Jon

BCSE G1 residue collection post-stover harvest. Used 0.5×0.5m frame in 7 locations in each plot: one in each windrow and one between each windrow. Along a diagonal transect from SW (sample 1 = between) to NE (sample 7 = between) plot corner avoiding the non-removal microplot and the plot edges. - Slater, Jon, Sarah, Brian

Sample BCSE soil respiration jars - Sarah

Sieve MLE WC - Hancock soil, sampled 11/19/2025 - Jon

Filter LTER leachate - Alyssa

Filter WN soil extracts - Olivia, Brian

Set up and sample BCSE soil respiration jars with Kevin - Sarah

Collect leaf litter from traps in T5, G8, CF, DF, SF. Pull traps from G8, as trees are bare. - Jon, Brian, Olivia

Pull T6 station flags - Jon

Prepared Standards, Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250624.

Prepared 1M KCL. Finished dilutions from LTAR Lysimeter 20250610.

Sieve MLE WN - Rhinelander soil, sampled 11/18/2025. Weigh dry soil tins - Stacey

Weigh WN soil for extraction and moisture - Stacey, Alyssa

BCSE Series 22 gas sampling - Jon, Brian, Alyssa (Hydrosense)

Collect LTER leachate - Brian, Jon

Adjusted the charge parameters on tower 1 to the default parameters for Sealed Lead Acid batteries. I added a battery to power the access point prior to programming the charge controller. While that allowed me to finish programing the controller, it still required a power cycle to restore power to the load.

BCSE gas vial, tote prep - Brian

Filter LTER soil extracts - Jon, Brian

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250610.

ASP tower 1 rain gauge tipping mechanism was not working. Spider web was preventing it from tipping. Repaired. Missed yesterdays light rain. Added camera to tower 2. made final adjustment of height (2m) and direction (N-S) on each tower KK DW

Evacuate LTER lysimeters - Jon, Olivia

BCSE gas chamber prep - Brian

Prepared 1M KCL, Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250529.

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Weigh LTER soil for moisture and nitrogen extraction - Brian, Jon

Pack CN - Brian

Dishes - Jon

LTER soil sampling - Alyssa, Brian, Olivia, Jon

Sieve LTER soil - Alyssa, Brian, Olivia, Jon

GC Sequence LTAR20251113S28BGC had a few vials submitted out of order. All samples run sequentially on GC. Vials submitted out of order as follows: …62, 63, 68, 65, 66, 67, 64, 69, 70… Also, note on tape says vials 41 and 44 were swapped, though they were submitted in sequential order in racks.

Replace BCSE then LTAR station flags - Olivia, Brian

Sample Sorghum Nitrogen Rate Experiment soil. Location 2: one core per plot, pooled by block, 4 total. Location 1: split into northern and southern halves, one core per plot, pooled by block, 8 total. - Slater, Jon

Sample BCSE soil for laboratory respiration incubation. G1,3,5,8,10, R1-3. Four cores/plot, one or two per station, alternating within and between crop row for G1, G3 and G8. Three cores/plot, one per station pooled for G5 and G10. - Sarah

Reran Channel 2 and dilutions of Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250513.

Sieved BCSE soil and set out to air-dry - Sarah

Sieved Sorghum Nitrogen Rate soil and subsampled to send to A&L for S1 analysis. - Slater, Jon

Filter LTAR leachate, dishes -

LTAR Series 28 gas sampling - Slater, Brian, Jon, Alyssa (Hydrosense)

Collect LTAR leachate - Slater, Brian

Replaced Cadmium Column and reconditioned.

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250513. Notes from run:

• Vial ASP2 R3 C not run, vial missing from box.

Issue with calibration curve/column in channel 2 results - rerun 11/14.

Measure LTAR leachate - Slater, Brian

LTAR gas chamber prep - Olivia, Sarah

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters; replace BCSE station flags - Slater, Jon

Acid washed dishes, Prepared standards.

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250428. Notes from run:

• Vial ASP5 R2 N missing, used vial ASP5 R1 N that shouldn’t exist (mislabeled?)
• Vial BAU1 R1 C not run, missing from box.
• Vial BAU2 R3 N has no volume listed, mislabeled or volume missed? Ran as labeled.

LTAR gas vial, tote prep - Olivia, Sarah

Weigh dry tins, dishes - Sarah

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Prepared Ammonium Chloride Reagent (4L): 320 gms Ammonium Chloride 4.0 gms EDTA pH to 8.45 with NaOH, store

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250415.

Put away clean, dry dishes, weigh remaining BCSE grain, grind SWF 2024 harvest plant samples - Jon

Finish sorting ASP2 plants - Sarah

LTER Series 15 gas sampling - Alyssa, Slater, Jon, Olivia, Sarah

LTER Hydrosense pm - Alyssa

Attempted to use the MSView application to increase the Target voltage on tower 1 from 14.2 to 14.6 and the float voltage from 13.2 to 13.7. I had lowered these values for the LI-Ion battery, but now that we have an AGM battery they should probably be set back. Unfortunately the Sunsaver cuts power when writing to the coils, so the network goes down after the first coil is written too. I rebooted the Sunsaver and the Target voltage was set but the float voltage was still at the old value.

I the future, I will need to provide an alternate power source for the tower router before attempting to set the parameters through the MSView application.

Finished dilutions from Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250401.

Collect leaf litter from traps in T5, G8, CF, DF, SF; reinstall LTER gas chambers in T1-4, plus prairie strips - Brian, Slater, Jon, Olivia

Shell LTAR Inhibitor Study corn with Josh Dykstra - Sarah

Finished dilutions from Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250318.

Acid washed dishes.

Prepared fresh Phosphate Buffer (1L) 28 gms Sodium Hydroxide pellets 50 gms sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dilute to 1 L with nanopure.

Prepared EDTA Reagent (1L) 66 gms ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA) Approximately 7.0 gms sodium hydroxide pellets ph to 7.03 with NaOH pellets then dilute to volume with nanopure.

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250401. Notes from run:

• Vials BAU1 R2 S and BAU1 R4 S missing from box, not run.
• All bottles were collected after 48 hours instead of 24 due to storms.

Sort ASP2 plants, put LTAR 11/3/2025 soil out to air-dry - Slater, Brian, Jon

Finished dilutions from Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250303.

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250318. Notes from run:

• Vial ASP6R3 S missing, used Vial labeled ASP6R2 S (vial shouldn’t exist, weight under 20).
• Samples ASP3 R4 C,S not filtered, bottles were left in fridge and skipped. -Samples ASP1 R4 N,C,S not filtered, bottles left out on counter and skipped.

Reconditioned Column.

Sample LTAR Inhibitor Study corn - Kevin, Dave, Sarah, Josh

Sort ASP2 plants - Slater, Brian, Olivia

Finish BAF subsampling for 2024 BCSE peak plant CN - Sarah

Dishes - Jon

Filter LTAR extracts, dishes - Slater, Brian, Jon

BAU towers raised for tillage at 12:30 today. No sensors yet on tower 4. Tower 2 CS650 sensor 4 chewed in half again.

Prepared 1M KCL.

Prep LTER gas chambers. After chambers were prepped, heard from Joe that gas sampling could not happen tomorrow due to lime applications planned for T1-4. - Slater, Brian

Pulled all T1-4, plus prairie strip, gas chambers for lime. Finished clipping ASP2 plants. - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Jon

Weigh LTAR soil for extraction and moisture - Alyssa, Jon

Prep LTER gas vials, totes - Alyssa, Jon, Brian

Sort ASP2 plants - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Jon

Prepared Standards.

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Lachat run LTAR Lysimeter 20250303. Notes from run:

• Vial ASP5R1C not run, vial was nearly empty and not enough to run.
• Vials ASP2R4 N,C,S and ASP6R4 N,S were evacuated on 3/4/2025 due to lid frozen shut.

Sieve and subsample LTAR soil for A&L - Jon, Brian, Olivia, Sarah

Weigh dry soil tins, dishes - Slater

LTAR November soil sampling, 4 cores/station, 12 cores total to ensure enough soil for both A&L analysis and air-dried archive besides extraction and moisture - Slater, Jon, Brian, Olivia, Sarah

Pull ASP6 flags and chambers for harvest

Start ASP2 plant sampling; Stations 1, 2, 3: 2mS, 0.5mW to NE corner of 2 x 0.5m frame, oriented with the 0.5m ends on the east and west. R5: Split the plot into quarters. Place the frame approximately in the center of the western most quarter (label west) and the eastern most quarter (label east). The frame should be perpendicular to forage rows, if visible. Sorted later in the field lab to MEDSA, TRFPR, CICSP, DACGL, BRSNA (live volunteer canola), and remainder UNSRT. - Jon, Brian, Olivia, Sarah

Lachat run LTAR Soil 20250512.

Sieve SWF soil and put a portion in A&L soil bags to send for agronomic analysis. - Slater, Jon, Brian, Emily

Sort ASP1 plants - Ainsley, Olivia

Lowered tower 1 to 2 m above the soil. Cleaned/unplugged rain gauge at 11:20ish. Reinstalled all ground sensors.

Switchgrass Nitrogen Rate Experiment (SWF) soil sampling to send to A&L. Six cores/plot taken from the yield strip harvested area down the center of each plot, along a diagonal from NE to SW plot corners. - Brian, Slater, Jon, Emily