Reconditioned Cadmium Column.

Lachat run LTER Lysimeter 20240822 (Samples SF R2-3 and SF R2-6 may have been processed incorrectly. Vials from SF R2-3 have consistently had higher levels of NO3 than all other forest samples since installation, but a higher level was present in SF R2-6 for 8/22/2025.)

Measure and filter LTAR leachate, dishes - Jon, Sarah

Grind plants -

Sort ASP2 plants -

Installed G1-3 (except G1R2 and G1R3, those two chambers were accidentally left in during herbicide application on 5/29) chambers just prior to gas sampling BCSE 7 -

BCSE 7 gas sampling -

Collect LTAR leachate -

Sequence LTER20250523S6BGC notes: SF1-1 and SF1-3 were switched around at sampling time - see vial # notes on setup file sheets Vials submitted out of order, but run in sequential order on the GC (may or may not have anything to do with the first note). Out of order vials noted as follows: …127, 128, 129, 132, 130, 131, 133, 134… …147, 148, 153, 154, 155, 156, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156, 157… (guessing these correspond to SF1-1 and SF1-3 mixup) …241, 242, 247, 248, 245, 246, 251, 252, 249, 250, 243, 244, 253, 254, 255…

Filter LTER soil extracts - Alyssa, Sarah

Lachat run LTER Lysimeter 20240801.

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters - Brian, Sarah

LTAR 11 gas sampling - Sam, Slater, Jon, Andie (Hydrosense)

ASP2 forage sampling ahead of harvest, Stations 1, 2, 3: 0.5mS, 0.5mW to NE corner of 2 x 0.5m frame, oriented with the 0.5m ends on the east and west. Clip all plants rooted inside the frame as close to the ground as possible without collecting litter or soil. Sorted later in the field lab…MEDSA, TRFPR, CICSP, DACGL, BRSNA, remainder label UNSRT - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

Weigh T3, T4 soil for extraction and moisture - Sarah, Andie, Olivia

LTAR gas vial, tote prep - Olivia

Grind plants -

Subsample 2022 BCSE deep core soil to send to BAF - Andie

Dishes, data -

Prepared standards, prepared 1M KCL.

Acid washed dishes.

Prepared Ammonium Chloride Reagent (4L): 320 gms Ammonium Chloride 4.0 gms EDTA pH to 8.45 with NaOH, store

Sticky traps - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

LTAR gas chamber prep - Alyssa, Sarah, Jon

Sieve T3, T4 soil - Sarah, Andie

WPS - Sam

Sequence BCSE2025043005140522S4S5S6 had a couple tech notes for series 6: Vial 49 was lost during sampling, so a replacement vial was used to collect the sample - this was run in sequential order on the GC. Ambient air samples were not collected - empty vials were run on the GC anyway for continuity of the run.

LTER T3, T4 station (4 cores/station, 2 in the wheat row and 2 between wheat rows) and strip (4 cores spread across each strip avoiding transects, foot paths, traps and gas chambers) soil sampling - Sarah, Andie,

Sticky traps (first check for T3, T4, prairie strips; reinstallation for T1, T2 as they were pulled for fungicide over the weekend) - Slater, Brian, Jon, Sam

Lachat run LTAR Soil 20241120, 20241218.

All 2024 LTAR, LTER, and GLBRC soil samples processed - LTAR samples not uploaded.

Lachat run LTAR soil 20241028. Reconditioned Cadmium Column.

Filter BCSE soil extracts, dishes -

Grind T7 REX 2023 plants -

LTER 6 gas sampling - Olivia, Brian, Trajana, Sarah, Jon, Slater, Andie, Sam

LTER Hydrosense - Trajana

Sieve and weigh BCSE soil for extraction and moisture -

LTER gas vial and tote prep -

Finished Lachat run GLBRC Scale up Marshall 20241202, 20241216 - Blanks from 20241202 showed NH4 contamination in KCL (M1, M2, M4), not uploaded.

BCSE 6 gas sampling - Brian, Andie, Slater (soil, 3 cores/plot)

LTAR 10 gas sampling - Sarah, Jon, Sam

BCSE and LTAR Hydrosense - Trajana

LTER gas chamber prep -

Collect LTER leachate - Olivia, Brian, Jon, Sarah

BCSE and LTAR gas chamber prep - Slater, Sam, Trajana, Andie

Sticky traps (first cards deployed in T5-7 and forest plots) - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

Lachat run GLBRC Scale up Marshall 20241202, 20241216 - half of run completed due to peek tubing malfunction. Replaced with new tubing, will finish rest of run tomorrow.

Measure and filter LTER leachate -

Filter LTER soil extracts - Trajana, Andie

Grind plants - Olivia

set up datalogger on tower 2. Enabled ethernet port, and loaded program. Tested Loggernet communication.

Prepared standards, prepared 1M KCL.

Lachat run GLBRC Scale up Lux Arbor 20241202, 20241216 - Blanks from 20241202 showed contamination in NH4 (L1 and L3 samples), not uploaded.

Reconditioned Cadmium Column.

Evacuate LTER lysimeters - Trajana w/Jon, Andie w/Sarah

Sticky traps (deploy first sticky cards in T1-4 and prairie strips) - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

Weigh LTER soil for extraction and moisture - Sam, Slater

Gas vial and tote prep, dishes - Sarah

BAF subsampling (2024 BCSE peak plants from archive jars) - Trajana

Grind plants - Andie

GC Run Sequence LTAR202505080515S8S9BGC notes: Dave dropped and broke vial 38 for Series 8. Replaced with dummy sample (lab air, not pressurized).

LTER soil sampling, 2nd May -

Site-specific training for techs - Stacey, Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Olivia, Trajana, Sam, Andie, Sarah , Jon

Sieve LTER soil -

Grind plants -

BAF subsampling (2023 BCSE plants) - Brian

Acid washed dishes.

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Swap and mail first aphid tower sample - Stacey

Finish installing MCSE T-posts - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

Finish dumping soil - Olivia, Trajana

Finish installing LTAR station flags - Andie, Sarah

Sticky trap training with Christie - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

Power was lost overnight 5/15-5/16. Backup generator worked intermittently throughout the day but stopped working for several hours beginning around 2:30pm. Received message that emergency backup generator power was restored at about 10pm 5/16/2025. Then Saturday 5/17/2025 8am this message from IPF “Regular power has been restored.  However, IPF will be keeping the academic campus buildings on back up power.  We are planning to take advantage of already contracted back up generators so that we can further assess the failure of our normal back up power system.”.

BAF subsampling (2023 BCSE plants) - Trajana

Grind plants -

Dishes -

LTAR 9 gas sampling - Alyssa (train Sarah, Jon), Andie, Slater

LTAR Hydrosense - Trajana

Finish M3 switchgrass stand counts - Alyssa, Sarah

Deploy MCSE T-posts - Sam, Slater, Brian, Jon

WPS Zoom and site-specific (w/Brook) training - Sarah, Jon

Measure and filter LTAR leachate -

Filter LTAR soil extracts -

Grind plants and pulverize soil -

GHG presentation/training from Kevin - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Trajana, Sam, Olivia, Sarah, Jon, Clara

Collect LTAR leachate - Alyssa, Jon, Sarah, Slater

BCSE 5 gas sampling - Olivia, Sam

BCSE Hydrosense - Trajana (trained by Stacey, Dave)

LTAR gas chamber prep - Brian

Install BCSE G1 station flags, prep BCSE gas chambers - Brian

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters - Alyssa (training Jon and Sarah), Slater

Switchgrass stand counts (L2, M3) - Alyssa, Sarah, Jon

Start installing T-posts in MCSE plots for sticky card deployment starting 5/20/2025 - Slater, Brian

Weigh LTAR soil for extraction and moisture; BCSE and LTAR gas vial and tote prep - Sam, Trajana

Dave and I lowered the tower boom between 14:00 and 14:30. Dave aligned the CO2 sensor and I installed the rain gauge and the soil sensors. I put the heatflux plates about 1 cm below the surface with the dot facing up, the soil moisture and temperature probes vertically. I’m not sure if the soil temperature probes are supposed to be vertical or horizontal. Planting was nice and close to the tower.

Sieve LTAR soil -

WPS Zoom training - Olivia, Slater

First day for Sarah Ru and Jon Di

LTAR station flag installation - Alyssa, Trajana

LTAR soil sampling - Slater, Olivia, Brian, Sam

Switchgrass stand counts (T6, L2). T6 and Scale-up (L2, M3) were the same as BCSE G4, G5… using 75 x 75 cm frame split into 25 cells (5x5) each measuring 15cm x 15cm. Started approximately 1m N and 1m W of each station, placed the frame on the ground and counted each cell that had switchgrass growing inside it. Then the frame was flipped to the north and switchgrass cells counted three more times. So, 100 cells were evaluated in total at each station. The GPS was used to navigate to the Scale-up station locations since the flags weren’t installed. - Alyssa, Sarah, Jon

Dump soil - Sam, Brian

LTER 5 gas sampling - Alyssa, Sam, Slater, Brian, Olivia

LTER Hydrosense - Alyssa

Dump soil -

Sequence BLESH-UDF202505S4S5S6BGC cap issues. Series 4, vial 389 had a loose cap - may have lost all sample, tightened in lab and run. Series 6, vial 95 had a cap screwed on extremely crooked - would likely cause sampling issues. Corrected in lab, but may have allowed gas sample to escape in the process. Put tape note on side of cap to discard before next use.

Dishes -

Put LTER 4/7/2025 soil out to air dry -

LTAR 8 gas sampling - Sam, Slater, Brian

LTAR Hydrosense - Alyssa

Switchgrass stand counts (SWF) - Alyssa, Trajana

Dump soil -

Tower 1 was raised to ten feet at 3PM to allow planting to occur over the weekend. Pulled back all CS650, 107s, and flux plates. For Tower 2 all sensors now connected except flux plates. Power will be added next week.

REX probe K on T7R4 was shorted to ground. I disconnected the probe. Probe addresses were not on the SDI12 ports that the program was expecting. I updated the program to match the sdi12 port connections. Probe i had the power wire tied in a knot which i often do when I want to mark a probe as bad, but I reconnected probe i and it appears to work.

Filter LTER leachate and LTER soil extract, dishes - Slater, Sam, Trajana, Olivia

Collect LTER leachate - Sam, Slater

Prep LTAR and LTER gas chambers - Olivia, Trajana

Continue switchgrass stand counts (finished G5, started SWF). For the switchgrass gradient: frame was placed about 1mN and 1mW of the southeast plot corner for both the former H1 and H2 plot halves. Switchgrass cells were counted and then the frame filpped once to the north. So, each plot had 100 cells evaluated… 50 in former H1, 50 in former H2. - Alyssa, Brian

Trenched in power for M2,3,4 and L1,2 today. At the M4 reference, was only able to trench maybe 6inches. KK/DW

Reconnected T7R1 logger. The power cable was disconnected

Evacuate LTER lysimeters - Trajana, Sam

Prepared 1M KCL.

Prepared fresh Phosphate Buffer (1L) 28 gms Sodium Hydroxide pellets 50 gms sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dilute to 1 L with nanopure.

Prepared EDTA Reagent (1L) 66 gms ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA) Approximately 7.0 gms sodium hydroxide pellets ph to 7.03 with NaOH pellets then dilute to volume with nanopure.

Weigh LTER soil for extraction and moisture - Alyssa, Brian

Prep LTAR and LTER gas vials, totes -

Grind plants, pulverize soil -

Sieve LTER soil -

LTER 1st May soil sampling - Alyssa, Sam, Slater, Trajana, Andie

Replace T8 station flags - Olivia, Brian

Help Poulamee and Maxwell from the Kravchenko lab sample BCSE soil for MONet - Brian, Olivia

Start switchgrass stand counts in BCSE G4, G5 main plots only, using 75 x 75 cm frame split into 25 cells (5x5) each measuring 15cm x 15cm. Started approximately 1m N and 1m W of each station, placed the frame on the ground and counted each cell that had switchgrass growing inside it. Then the frame was flipped to the north and switchgrass cells counted three more times. So, 100 cells were evaluated in total at each station. - Alyssa,

GC Sequence run LTAR20250425S4BGC: Note on sample trays from techs: “vial swap for some FROG vials” All samples were run in sequential order, but some vials swapped and submitted to lab as follows: ….39, 40, 57, 42, 43, 44, 61, 46, 47, 48, 65, 50, 51, 52, 69, 54, 55, 56, 41, 58, 59, 60, 45, 62, 63, 64, 49, 66, 67, 68, 53, 70, 71, 72….. and ….244, 245, 248, 247, 246, 249, 250….

Finish sorting ASP3 and ASP4 plant samples - Stacey, Brian, Andie, Slater, Sam

Filter BCSE soil extracts, dishes - Olivia, Trajana

Prepared .1M HCL (1L) for column conditioning: 8.3 ml of 37% HCL in Nanopure, dilute to 1L.

Reconditioned Cadmium Column

Lachat run GLBRC MLE MC Soil (Lake City) 20241113.

Install T6 station flags - Sam, Slater

Finish trimming and marking LTER forest paths - Olivia, Trajana, Slater, Sam

Pull T8 flags and frames for mowing - Andie, Brian

Dump BCSE biomass on the burn pile - Slater, Sam

Sequence LTAR202504240430S6S7BGC has two issues.

1. Discovered Vial 132 on Series 6 had a loose cap - so loose that it came off when running hand over the top of filled sample rack
2. Series 7 had an issue understood as the following: series started with the wrong vials. On 2nd time through sampling, this was discovered, so the series was initiated again with the correct vials. Therefore, vials should be in order, but each series starting with the following vials were started after 35-40 minutes with the lid on: vial 5, 9, 13, 17, 21. These times should be indicated on the field sheets. If not, email weedd@msu.edu for a copy.

Sequence BLESH202504S1S2S3BGC had some hiccups - mainly in skipped samples. Samples were likely skipped due to having the Excel Results file open to look at data, as the GC was running. Samples 218, 219, and 354 were skipped for the methane portion of the run. Sample 199 was skipped for the CO2/N2O portion. At the same time, it appeared that one line of data was appended without assigning it a vial number - so everything was off one row (verified by check standards). This happened around the missing 218 vial mark. The Results file sequence lines were corrected and saved as a file with the sequences name. Skipped samples listed above were re-analyzed in groups of 4 with corresponding B and C versions of the Sequence/File name.

Prepared Standards, Acid washed dishes.

Lachat run GLBRC MLE MN Soil (Escanaba) 20241112.

Weigh BCSE soil, dishes - Sam, Trajana, Olivia, Slater

Sort ASP3 plants - Olivia, Slater

Lachat run LTER Lysimeter 20240715.

Sieve BCSE soil samples -

Filter LTAR leachate, dishes -

Sort ASP3 plant samples -

BCSE Series 4 gas sampling with soil sampling (pre-fertilization, one 0-25cm core per station, where applicable one was taken in the previous crop row, one half way between rows and one half way between those two), in error some plots (G1R1, G2R1, G2R2, G3R1, G3R3, G4R1, G4R2, G4R3, G5R1, G5R3) were sampled three cores per station instead of three total per plot. - Andie, Olivia, Brian (soil)

LTAR Series 7 gas sampling - Slater, Trajana, Sam

BCSE and LTAR Hydrosense - Alyssa

BCSE and LTAR gas chamber prep - Alyssa, Brian

Finish forest N-deposition fertilization (SF2, DF3, CF3) - Trajana, Olivia

Collect LTAR leachate - Slater, Sam

Sample ASP3 and ASP4 plants ahead of herbicide. Both: Stations 1, 2, 3: 0.5mS, 0.5mW to NE corner of 2 x 0.5m frame, oriented with the 0.5m ends on the east and west. Clip all plants rooted inside the frame as close to the ground as possible. Avoid collecting litter, soil and especially compost in ASP3. Sorted in field lab later… ASP3: MEDSA, TRFPR, CICSP, LOLMU, and UNSRT. ASP4 was sorted in the field: SECCE, CAMSA (Camelina sativa, winter camelina, none found) and UNSRT. In addition ASP4R5 was sampled for the first time by placing the frame approximately in the center of each half of the plot (east and west halves), with the frame perpendicular to the rye grass row. Samples labeled ASP4R5 W and E. - Alyssa, Brian, Trajana, Olivia, Slater, Sam

Help Poulamee and Maxwell from the Kravchenko lab sample BCSE soil for MONet - Brian, Olivia

Fertilize N-deposition microplots (CF1, DF1, SF1, DF2, CF2, SF3). Using Urea (46% N), first of three applications for 2025. 1F (all except CF3): 1gN/m2 applied to 10×10m plot, equal to 217g Urea divided into three applications of 72.5g (spring, summer, fall) each mixed with 4L water 1F-CF3: 1gN/m2 applied to 2×3m plot, equal to 13g Urea divided into three applications of 4.3g each mixed with 2L water 3F: 3gN/m2 applied to 2×2m plot, equal to 26.1g Urea divided into three applications of 8.7g each mixed with 2L water 10F (in DF only): 10gN/m2 applied to 2×2m plot equal to 87g Urea divided into three applications of 29g each mixed with 2L water. Accidentally mixed CF1-3F and DF1-3F into 4L of solution instead of 2L, so received the right amount of fertilizer but twice as much water. - Slater, Andie

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters - Sam, Trajana

Prepared Color Reagent (2 L) 200 ml phosphoric acid 80 gm sulfanilamide, 2.0 gm N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride, Dilute to 2L with Nanopure H2O.

Lachat run LTER Lysimeter 20240702.

LTAR and BCSE gas vial and tote prep, dishes - Sam, Trajana

LTER Series 4 gas sampling - Slater, Trajana, Brian, Andie, Olivia

LTER Hydrosense - Alyssa

Noticed an issue with inconsistent check standards on LTAR202504100417S4S5BGC run. Some checks made before, some after, a nitrogen tank change-out. (N2 used in making up standards.) High standards, with no N2 addition, appear to be fairly consistent across the last 3 sample runs. A separate standard/check std run was completed after the LTAR run to test for this issue. This standard run would likely be better to use with the LTAR run. Standard run was STD_TEST20250424BGC.

Filter LTER soil extracts - Alyssa, Olivia

Weigh LTER soil for extraction and moisture - Brian, Trajana, Olivia, Alyssa

Dishes - Olivia

Prepared 1M KCL.

LTAR Series 6 gas sampling (BAU1 R1 was installed just prior to sampling - was missed during prep); ASP3 microplot chambers were installed by the Blesh lab 4/23 since they are sharing those chambers, were installing their other chambers and techs had forgotten to install those. An error was made in sampling ASP3 microplots due to confusion with the Blesh lab chambers in the neighboring microplots in ASP3. ASP3 R2 and R4 no compost microplots were sampled correctly. ASP3 R1 and R3 Blesh lab microplot chambers in the next microplot to the east were accidently sampled. - Slater, Olivia, Stacey

LTAR Hydrosense - Alyssa

Install LTER T1, 2, 6 gas chambers - Slater, Trajana, Brian

BCSE202503310416S2S3BGC sample run on GC had a small set of samples submitted out of order on the trays. All vials were run on the GC in numerical order. Vials out of order on trays as follows: ….56, 57, 59, 58, 60, 61, 62, 63…..

Sieve LTER soil - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Trajana, Andie

LTER 2nd April soil sampling - Alyssa, Slater, Brian, Trajana, Andie

Install ASP1 and ASP5 chambers -

Help Mark move OTCs - Brian, Slater

LTAR202504100417S4S5BGC sample run on GC had vials submitted out of order on trays. All samples were run on GC in numerical order. Samples submitted out of order as follows: …4, 5, 9, 7, 8, 6, 10, 11, 12… and …135, 136, 140, 137, 138, 139, 141, 142….

Prepared Standards, Replaced Cadmium Column.

Lachat run LTER Lysimeters 20240617.

Filter LTER leachate -

Grind SBE plants -

Collect LTER leachate - Olivia, Slater

LTAR and LTER gas chamber prep; pulled ASP1 and ASP5 chambers, installed BAU1 and ASP3 main, forgot to install ASP3 microplot chambers - Brian, Trajana

Evacuate LTER lysimeters - Brian, Olivia

Install T6R1-6S5 flags for Jin Ho to sample soil - Brian

Reconditioned Cadmium Column. Lachat run LTER soil 20211112.

LTAR and LTER gas vial, tote prep; dishes - Slater

Finish subsampling archive for Jin Ho - Trajana

Install ASP6 flags -

Acid washed dishes.

Archive air-dried LTAR R5 soil samples, subsample LTER soil archive for Jin Ho Lee (10g each from T3R1-6S5 2020, 2021, and 2022) -

Grind SBE plants, pulverize BCSE deep core soil, BAF subsampling -

Dishes, grind SBE plants, pulverize BCSE deep core soil, BAF subsampling - Brian, Olivia, Slater, Trajana

Prepared Ammonium Chloride Reagent (4L): 320 gms Ammonium Chloride 4.0 gms EDTA pH to 8.45 with NaOH, store

Replaced Reagent tubing, finished Lachat run GLBRC Microplot soil 20241111.

LTAR 5 gas sampling - Slater, Trajana, Olivia

LTAR Hydrosense - Alyssa

Prepared fresh Phosphate Buffer (1L) 28 gms Sodium Hydroxide pellets 50 gms sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate dilute to 1 L with nanopure.

Prepared EDTA Reagent (1L) 66 gms ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA) Approximately 7.0 gms sodium hydroxide pellets ph to 7.03 with NaOH pellets then dilute to volume with nanopure.

Lachat run GLBRC Microplot soil 20241111.

Collect LTAR leachate - Andie, Trajana

BCSE 3 gas sampling - Slater, Brian

BCSE Hydrosense - Alyssa

Measure, filter and archive LTAR leachate; one spring sampling and one fall sampling will be archived each year, 20mL sample with conical seal cap (same as LTER) -

Filter LTAR soil extracts -

Evacuate LTAR lysimeters, prep BCSE and LTAR gas chambers - Olivia, Brian

Weigh LTAR soil for extraction and moisture - Slater, Trajana

Grind SBE plants and pulverize BCSE deep core soil - Olivia, Brian

Prep BCSE and LTAR gas vials and totes - Slater, Trajana

Prepared Standards, Lachat run GLBRC Main soil 20241104.